Thermal Storage System Concentrating Solar
The hot- and cold-temperature regions are separated by a temperature gradient or thermocline. High-temperature heat-transfer fluid flows into the top of the thermocline and exits the bottom at low temperature. This
Thermocline within a thermal energy storage tank.
Figure 5 shows the thermocline formation in a thermocline TES tank. Thermocline between the two cutoff temperature, T c, cutoff, and T h, cutoff is unusable energy. View in full-text. Context
Multilevel comparison between magnetite and quartzite as thermocline
In terms of suitability for thermocline energy storage, cycled magnetite characteristics were discussed and compared to raw magnetite and quartzite. It was concluded that thermal cycling has a positive impact on magnetite characteristics for a medium temperature range of thermocline energy storage, i.e. it allows to get rid of
Off-design performance of concentrated solar heat and coal
A system level analytical model was established that coupled the transient process of heliostat field with one-tank thermocline thermal energy storage. The off-design performance of such a hybrid system in one typical year was analyzed accordingly. The results revealed the importance of the seasonal variation of direct normal insolation (DNI
Thermocline thermal storage systems for concentrated
The thermocline thermal energy storage (TTES) system has the potential to reduce the overall cost of the plant since most of the expensive storage fluid can be replaced by low cost filler material (Gil et al., 2010, Brosseau et al., 2005). This potential resulted in an increased interest in evaluating such systems through modelling and
Geometry optimisation of an industrial thermocline Thermal Energy
Recently, packed-bed storage has been considered as a promising alternative solution for thermal energy storage especially for waste heat recovery in industrial plants. This work aims to optimise environmental footprint, costs and exergy efficiency of a thermocline thermal energy storage through two optimisation variables.
Energies | Free Full-Text | A Review on the Performance
Thermal energy storage (TES) system plays an essential role in the utilization and exploitation of renewable energy sources. Over the last two decades, single-tank thermocline technology has received much attention due to its high cost-effectiveness compared to the conventional two-tank storage systems. The present paper focuses on
CFD modelling of an indirect thermocline energy storage
Thermocline thermal energy storage is a (potentially) cost-effective alternative to the more widespread two-tank solution, as both the hot and the cold medium are stored in a single tank. An innovative single-medium indirect thermocline technology was recently developed by ENEA and a prototype was experimentally tested at the
Terrafore Technology – Developing Cost-Effective
Terrafore developed TerraKline, a patented technology to eliminate degradation of thermocline in a dual-media of granite and molten salt or oil. Energy storage using thermal stratification in dual-media can reduce the
Cyclic performance of cascaded latent heat thermocline energy storage
The cyclic performance of cascaded latent heat thermocline energy storage systems for high-temperature applications is presented. To investigate this performance, a transient, two-phase numerical model is established based on a concentric-dispersion approach. The storage unit is filled with encapsulated phase change
Energies | Free Full-Text | New Advances in Materials, Applications
Among various energy storage technologies, thermocline heat storage (THS) has garnered widespread attention from researchers due to its stability and economic advantages. Currently, there are only a few review articles focusing on THS, and there is a gap in the literature regarding the optimization design of THS systems. Therefore, this
Thermal cycle performance of thermocline storage: numerical
Thermocline storage thus can potentially reach very high values of exergy efficiency, provided that energy efficiency is improved through enhanced thermal insulation. Indeed, Fig. 7, Fig. 8 (a) show that the storage quality factor Ψ s is quite good and that energy efficiency η e n has a stronger influence and is the limiting factor of the
Performance investigation of single-tank thermocline storage
In the present thermocline storage system, the rocks have a higher energy storage density, ρ r C r than that of fluid, ρ f C f as seen in Table 1 (Kearney et al., 2003, Van Lew et al., 2011). An ideal thermocline tank is a conceptual tank consisting of hot and cold fluid separated by a fictitious barrier without any filler material (ε = 1).
Analysis of thermocline thermal energy storage systems with
The general layout of a thermocline storage system is presented in Fig. 1, and is similar to that used by others (Xu et al., 2012, Yang and Garimella, 2010).The storage volume, with height L, consists of a cylindrical tank packed with small solid particles, called the filler material.A heat transfer fluid, referred to as fluid herein, enters the
Thermal cycle performance of thermocline storage: numerical and
Dual-media thermocline storage is a promising alternative to reduce cost and improve storage energy density. A solid filler is used as thermal energy storage
Thermocline packed bed thermal energy storage system: a review
Thermal energy storage (TES) is applied to overcome the intrinsic deficiency of solar energy by migrating the dispatching between the energy supply and
Influence of inlet geometry on mixing in thermocline thermal energy storage
In this study, the influence of inlet geometry on the degree of stratification attainable in thermocline thermal energy storage is investigated. The turbulent mixing caused by different inlet geometries is quantified using a mixing index introduced in a one-dimensional flow model. The mixing index is correlated with the flow parameters for
Experimental and numerical investigation of a thermocline
Thermocline thermal energy storage consists in using only one tank instead of two. The hot fluid at the top of the tank is hence separated from the cold fluid at the bottom by a zone with intermediate temperature called thermocline [6]. Filling the tank with solid materials makes it possible to reduce the cost of the thermal energy storage
Optimization of solar thermal systems with a thermocline storage
Abstract The solar thermal-based hot water system has established itself as one of the prominent options to achieve sustainable energy systems. Optimization of the solar water-heating system focuses mainly on two major decision variables, the solar collector area and the storage tank volume, and leads to a significant reduction in the
Thermocline energy storage: Influence of fluid distribution into
Thermocline energy storage is a way to store thermal energy by keeping two distinct zone of temperature in a tank, separated by a thin transition zone. Some applications use a granular porous media, filling the storage tank, through which passes the heat-transfer fluid. Most of scientific papers concerning this kind of technology assume
Rock-bed thermocline storage: A numerical analysis of granular
Thermal Energy Storage (TES) systems are central elements of various types of power plants operated using renewable energy sources. Packed bed TES can be considered as a cost–effective solution in concentrated solar power plants (CSP). Such a device is made up of a tank filled with a granular bed through which heat-transfer fluid
Latent heat augmentation of thermocline energy storage for
Molten-salt thermocline tanks are a low-cost energy storage option for concentrating solar power plants. Despite the potential economic advantage, the capacity of thermocline tanks to store
Numerical Study of a Structured Thermocline Storage Tank Using
Motte et al. / Energy Procedia 49 ( 2014 ) 935 â€" 944 939 3.2 Useful outlet time and thermocline thickness The useful outlet salt delivery time is an important parameter as it provides information on the output power and energy for the considered thermal storage unit.
New Advances in Materials, Applications, and Design Optimization
Among various energy storage technologies, thermocline heat storage (THS) has garnered widespread attention from researchers due to its stability and economic advantages. Currently, there are only a few review articles focusing on THS, and there is a gap in the literature regarding the optimization design of THS systems. Therefore, this
Constrained multi-objective optimization of thermocline packed
A constrained multi-objective optimization approach is applied to optimize the exergy efficiency and material costs of thermocline packed-bed thermal-energy storage systems using air as the heat-transfer fluid. The axisymmetric packed-bed''s height, top and bottom radii, insulation-layer thicknesses, and particle diameter were chosen as
A thermocline thermal energy storage system with filler
Thermocline thermal energy storage is one of the most promising, cost-effective solutions in improving concentrated solar power plant capacity factor. However, this thermal energy storage needs to be well understood; for this reason, the PROMES-CNRS laboratory built a laboratory-scale experiment. The experiment comprises a thermocline
Geometry optimisation of an industrial thermocline Thermal Energy
This work aims to optimise environmental footprint, costs and exergy efficiency of a thermocline thermal energy storage through two optimisation variables. These variables describe the tank shape and the particle grain size. Two solid filler materials are compared: machined ceramic and ceramic from fly ashes. The reference storage is
Screening of Filler Material for a Packed‐Bed Thermocline Energy
Energy Technology is an applied energy journal covering technical aspects of energy process engineering, including generation, conversion, storage, & distribution. Suitable solid filler materials are investigated for use in a packed-bed heat storage test facility for high temperatures with lead–bismuth eutectic (LBE) as the heat
Improved realistic stratification model for estimating thermocline
The study by Khurana et al. [22] exhibited that the evolution of the thermocline within the storage tank is influenced by the thermal energy input into the storage tank, as well as the thermal energy extracted at the load end. At a particular instant during the operation, the primary thermocline thickness is defined as the axial distance
Experimental characterization of a water/rock thermocline
A 13 m 3, 2 m diameter and 4 m high, prototype of dual-media thermocline cold thermal energy storage cTES has been build and tested in coupling with 100 kW dry cooler.. Specific characterization confirms the consistency of the behavior of the thermocline storage. • In coupling mode, the excess energy from the condenser is
Technical Challenges and Their Solutions for Integration of
Dual-media thermocline thermal energy storage serves to be a better techno-economic option for thermal energy storage. It leads to nearly 62% reduction in specific storage cost. CSP systems can have greater flexibility and economically more viable with alternative thermal energy storage systems (Mostafavi Tehrani et al. 2018 ).
Thermal performance analysis of a thermocline thermal energy storage
[7] Qin F G F, Yang X P, Ding Z et al 2012 Thermocline stability criterions in single-tanks of molten salt thermal energy storage Applied Energy 97 816. Crossref; Google Scholar [8] Angelini G, Lucchini A and Manzolini G 2014 Comparison of thermocline molten salt storage performances to commercial two-tank configuration
Operating results of a thermocline thermal energy storage
A thermocline thermal energy storage tank consists in using one single tank to store sensible heat. At almost any time, three zones coexist in the tank: a hot fluid zone at the top, a cold fluid zone at the bottom, and an intermediate zone called thermocline. Filling the tank with solid materials enables to reduce cost and to maintain
Thermocline thermal energy storage optimisation combining exergy
Thermocline thermal energy storage is one of the most promising solutions for recovering waste heat in industrial plants. This paper aims to optimise the shape of a thermal energy storage to minimise its environmental impacts and maximise its exergy efficiency. The reference storage is an existing industrial high-temperature
Application of numerical methods for the design of thermocline
1. Introduction. The increased interest towards solar energy for power and heat production has led, due to its intrinsic variability on daily and seasonal scale, to the need for the development of suitable storage systems that can compensate for these effects [1] Concentrated Solar Power plants (CSP), the most common storage method
Experimental and numerical investigation of a solar thermocline
Solar energy is one of the major sources of renewable energy and is being extensively harnessed. However, the intermittent nature limits solar energy to act as a stand-alone energy source. Therefore, it becomes imperative that effective and economical methods of storing solar energy on a large scale are developed. Both sensible and latent
An integrated thermal and mechanical investigation of molten
In a molten-salt thermocline, a molten salt (e.g., HITEC or HITEC XL [9]) is used as the heat transfer fluid (HTF) that transports thermal energy between the storage unit and the other sections of the power system such as the collector field and the steam generator. Separation between the hot and cold zones of the molten salt is maintained by
Terrafore Technology – Developing Cost-Effective Thermal Energy Storage
Terrafore developed TerraKline, a patented technology to eliminate degradation of thermocline in a dual-media of granite and molten salt or oil. Energy storage using thermal stratification in dual-media can reduce the cost of storing energy by over 35% when compared to a two-tank sensible heat storage in heat transfer fluids.
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